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- ComentarioTrade & Investment
A tariff is borne at home, and the published data closes two of the three answers that say otherwise
Goods imports from China fell from a monthly average of 45 billion dollars in 2022 to 26 in 2025, while imports of goods and services rose from 3.97 trillion to 4.25, so the buying moved rather than came home. No series on this site measures a duty collected or an import price, so whether the exporter cut his own price cannot be tested here at all.
- HallazgoMacroeconomics & Markets
The low point of this vehicle sales window is 2022, not 2020
The annual rate ran 14.9 million units in 2020, rose to 15.4 in 2021, then fell to 14.2 in 2022, the lowest of the six readings. Three quarters of the recovery since arrived in a single step, and the two years after it added 0.3 million units each.
- HallazgoInfrastructure
Nonresidential construction spending rose 14 billion in 2025 after 450 in three years
The annual rate stands at 1,309 billion dollars, the highest of six readings, and the step that brought it there is the smallest rise in the series. Spending on manufacturing plant fell 29 billion in the same year, so a total that barely moved sits on top of a 43-billion rise in everything else.
- HallazgoInfrastructure
The ten-year yield has risen in every year since 2020
Six annual observations, five changes, and not one of them negative. In the year the overnight policy rate fell 0.93 points, the ten-year rose again.
- ExplicativoRegional Development
How the jobs in an economic impact claim are counted
An announced job number is the output of a model, not a headcount. By the end you will know the three layers such a figure can contain, the difference between a job and a job-year, and what to ask before setting two claims side by side.
- ExplicativoInfrastructure
What a revenue pledge is and what it does not promise
A revenue pledge hands bondholders one named stream of money and shuts them out of everything else. By the end you will know the order the money leaves the account, the covenant that keeps the stream large enough, and the risks the pledge quietly leaves with the public.
- HallazgoTrade & Investment
Goods imports from China fell 11 billion dollars a month in 2025, taking the series below its 2020 level
The monthly average rose from 36 billion dollars in 2020 to 45 in 2022, then fell to 26 in 2025, the lowest of the six readings. Exports in the other direction also ended at their lowest reading, so the narrower bilateral difference comes from buying less rather than selling more.
- ExplicativoDevelopment Finance
What makes a loan concessional
Concessional finance is lending on terms better than the market would offer, measured by a calculation called the grant element. By the end you should know which four terms make a loan concessional, who absorbs the cost, and why the same loan can be scored two different ways.
- HallazgoIndustrial Policy
Electronics output rose more in 2025 than in the three years before it combined
The computer and electronic product index added 8.5 points in 2025, against 8 points exactly across the three preceding years together, on a base where 2017 is 100. A narrower semiconductor index published on the same base added 21 points in that same year, and the file does not say how much of the broader move belongs to it.
- ComentarioEconomic Security
Before the next plant, explain the idle line
American manufacturing used 75.3 percent of its capacity in 2025, against 77.6 percent in 2022. A programme that pays to add capacity without accounting for the capacity already standing is not an industrial policy. It is a construction policy.
- ExplicativoGeoeconomics
What a central bank currency swap line does
A swap line is a reciprocal credit between two central banks with a reversal date built into it. By the end of this you will know how the chain of exposure runs, why the facility is priced to be unattractive, and why the announced size is rarely the number that matters.
- ExplicativoIndustrial Policy
What "manufacturing as a share of GDP" actually measures
The share has fallen every year since 2022. That is not the same as making less, and the difference is where most arguments about industrial policy go wrong.
- ExplicativoEconomic Security
What makes a mineral critical in American law
Critical is a legal designation, not a geological one. By the end you will know who draws the list, what appearing on it does and does not do, and why the minerals the United States taxes most heavily cannot appear on it at all.
- PerspectivaIndustrial Policy
What transfers between places is the method, not the programme
Spending on manufacturing plant rose from 75 billion dollars a year to 244 and then fell to 215, and no file held here says where a dollar of it landed. The structures that decide whether such spending works are published state by state, but nothing here records a single award, decision or outcome.
- ExplicativoEconomic Security
What export controls reach and what they leave alone
An export control is a licensing rule keyed to a specific item, destination and end user. By the end you will know what triggers a licence, how the rules reach goods made abroad, and where their reach stops.
- ExplicativoDevelopment Finance
What a development finance institution does with public money
Development finance institutions lend, insure and buy stakes in private businesses abroad using capital they are expected to get back. By the end you should be able to tell which instrument an announcement is describing, and what the private market would have done without it.
- ExplicativoIndustrial Policy
What a domestic content rule actually requires
A Buy American clause is an origin test written into a contract, not a ban on foreign goods. By the end you will know how the test is computed, who has to prove it, and what a waiver reveals.
- ComentarioEconomic Security
The import bill is an input cost, not a scoreboard
The United States imported $4.25 trillion of goods and services in 2025. Reading that total as a loss column is what makes a broad tariff look like a collection from abroad rather than a tax on American production.
- ExplicativoRegional Development
How state gross domestic product is measured and why the largest states dominate
State GDP counts what is produced inside a state's borders in a single year, valued at that year's prices. By the end you will know what the ranking does and does not tell you about the people who live there.
- ComentarioIndustrial Policy
Industrial policy is being judged by the wrong labour number
The unemployment rate says how many job-seekers found work. It says nothing about how many people are looking. For a programme meant to draw people back into work, that is the only question that matters.
